. Http://www.beefresearch. Org/cmdocs/beefresearch/mr Presentations/beef _ Volumetric 2015.pdf
Information technology'south only natural to be interested in how cattle are raised and their affect on the environment. Here are answers to some frequently asked questons about hormones, antibiotics, greenhouse gases and beef'south role in a healthy diet.
Hormones
The use of hormone implants helps keep beef affordable, and the manufacture healthy. A financially sound industry fosters competition and allows producers to invest in improvements for the future.
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Do plants and animals have hormones naturally in their systems?
Yeah, even your trunk produces hormones naturally, no matter what you eat.
Merriam Webster. Hormone definition
What are hormone implants?
Hormone implants are minor, slow release pellets placed under the pare in an animal's ear to enhance production of natural hormones. Using hormone implants directs growth towards muscle and away from fat, which boosts growth charge per unit and means less feed is needed for the animal to proceeds weight.
Canada Beefiness, Inc. "Agreement hormone use in beef."
Is the use of hormone implants prophylactic and regulated in Canada?
Yeah, the use of hormone implants is safe and regulated in Canada.
Additional Resource
Larn more about hormone utilise in beef product
Myth: Hormone Use In Beef Production is a Health Concern
References:
[ane] Canada Beef, Inc. "Understanding hormone use in beef."
[ii] Merriam Webster. Hormone definition
[3] Hartmann et al. 1998. Natural occurrence of steroid hormones in food. Food Chemistry. 62:1, 7-twenty.
[4] Beef Cattle Research Council. "Explaining growth promotants used in feedlot cattle"
[5] Preston, R.Fifty. 1997. Rationale for the prophylactic of implants. Oklahoma Country University Implant Symposium Proceedings.
[vi] Weiert Velle. 1981. Hormones in Animal Production. FAO Animal Production and Wellness Paper 31.
[7] Kaplowitz et al. 2001. Earlier onset of puberty in girls: relations to increased body mass index and race. Pediatrics. 108:ii, 347-353.
[8] Magolski et al. 2014. Consumption of ground beefiness obtained from cattle that had received steroidal growth promotants did not trigger early on onset of estrus in prepubertal pigs. Journal of Nutrition. Published online alee of print.
[9] Wellness Canada. "Questions and answers – hormonal growth promoters"
[10] Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. "Procedures for recommending maximum rest limits – residues of veterinary drugs in food
[11] Food & Drugs Human action.
[12] Canadian Food Inspection Agency. "Chemical Residues." Chapter v.2, Transmission of Procedures, Meat and Poultry Products.
[15] Legesse et al. 2015. Greenhouse gas emissions of Canadian beef production in 1981 as compared with 2011. Beast Production Science.
Antibiotics
Cattle producers take their ethical responsibility to protect the health and welfare of their families and animals very seriously, which includes using antibiotics when advisable. Canada's Verified Beef Production program outlines responsible practices for producers, and provides preparation on how to apply antibiotics properly.
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Why are antibiotics used in cattle?
Antibiotics are used in cattle for three reasons.
1. Growth promotion: a category of antibiotics called ionophores help boost growth in cattle.
2. Prevention: preventing infection can reduce the need to use more powerful antibiotics if the disease becomes more serious.
iii. Handling and control of affliction: antibiotics can assistance protect cattle health by limiting the spread of disease.
Tin can ionophores crusade increased resistance?
In that location is no evidence that utilize of ionophores causes increased resistance to antibiotics used in human medicine.
Callaway, T.R., Edrington, T.S., Rychlik, J.L., Genovese, K.J., Poole, T.Fifty., Jung, Y.S., Bischoff, 1000.One thousand., Anderson, R.C., and Nisbet, D.J. 2003. Ionophores: Their use every bit ruminant growth promotants and impact on food safety. Curr. Problems Inest. Microbiol. four:43-51.
Russell, J.B. and Houlihan, A.J. 2003. Ionophore resistance of ruminal bacteria and its potential impact on human health. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 27:65-74.
Are there antibiotics in the beef I purchase?
No — all beef is antibiotic complimentary. A specified withdrawal time must pass after the last treatment to ensure there are no antibiotic residues left in the beef. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency regularly tests for residues.
CFIA National Chemical Residue Monitoring. 2012-2013. Almanac Report.
Additional Resources
Learn more virtually antibiotic use and resistance in beef production.
Myth: Animal Agriculture is the Biggest Contributor to Antibiotic Resistance. Visit MeatMythCrushers for more videos on meat product
Myth: Antibiotics are Use in Animal Agriculture to Cover up for Unsanitary Conditions. Visit MeatMythCrushers for more than videos on meat production
What Beefiness Producers Need to Know About Antimicrobial Use and Resistance. Video Credit: Beef Cattle Research Quango
Watch Dr. Joseph Perrone explain of import facts about antibiotic use. Video Credit: Centre for Accountability in Science
Center for Food Integrity Best Nutrient Facts: True? Or Non? "Regular use of antibiotics in healthy cows, pigs and chickens has led to increased antibody resistance in humans eating meat products"
Centre for Food Integrity: Antibiotics for Animals: Dangerous for Humans
Beef Cattle Research Quango: Antimicrobial
Health Canada – Antibiotic (antimicrobial) resistance
Canadian Integrated Programme for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS)
Canadian Nutrient Inspection Agency Remainder
References:
[1] Bhullar, G., Waglechener, N., Pawlowski, A., Koteva, K., Banks, East.D., Johnston, K.D., Barton, H.A., and Wright, G.D. 2012. Antibiotic Resistance is prevalent in an isolated cave microbiome. PLoS 1, 7(4):e347953.
[two] Government of Canada. 2015. Federal action programme on antimicrobial resistance and utilize in Canada: Edifice on the federal framework for activity.
[3] Callaway, T.R., Edrington, T.South., Rychlik, J.L., Genovese, K.J., Poole, T.L., Jung, Y.Southward., Bischoff, K.Thousand., Anderson, R.C., and Nisbet, D.J. 2003. Ionophores: Their employ as ruminant growth promotants and impact on nutrient safety. Curr. Issues Inest. Microbiol. four:43-51.
[four] Russell, J.B. and Houlihan, A.J. 2003. Ionophore resistance of ruminal bacteria and its potential bear on on human being health. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 27:65-74.
[five] Beef Cattle Research Council. 2015. What producers need to know about antimicrobial use and resistance.
[half-dozen] Health Canada. 2009. Categorization of antimicrobial drugs based on importance in human medicine.
[seven] Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS). 2013. Almanac Report.
[8] FoodNet Canada. 2013. Brusk Report.
[9] Government of Canada. 2015. Canadian antimicrobial resistance surveillance system report.
[x] Gow, S., Deckert, A., Leger, D., Agunos, A., Carson, C., Avery, B., Parmley, J., Finley, R., Reid-Smith, R., Irwin, R. Antimicrobial Use and Resistance Surveillance. Public Health Agency of Canada presentation to the Alberta Farmed Creature Wellness and Welfare Steering Committee. June 30, 2015.
[xi] CFIA National Chemic Residue Monitoring. 2012-2013. Annual Report.
[12] Hurd, H.Southward., Doores, S., Hayes, D., Mathew, A., Maurer, J., Silley, P., Singer, R., and Jones, R.Due north. 2004. Public health consequences of macrolide utilize in food animals: A deterministic risk assessment. J. Nutrient Protec. 67:980-992.
[13] Verified Beef Production – Canada's Beef On-Farm Food Rubber Program
[xiv] Morley, P.S., Dargatz, D.A., Hyatt, D.R., Dewell, Chiliad.A., Patterson, J.G., Burgess, B.A., and Wittum, T.East. 2011. Effects of restricted antimicrobial exposure on antimicrobial resistance in fecal escherichia coli from feedlot cattle. Foodborne Pathog. Dis. viii:87-98.
[15] Chang, Q., Wang, West., Regev-Yochay, M., Lipsitch, Grand. and Hanage, Westward. P. 2015. Antibiotics in agriculture and the risk to human health: How worried should we be? Evolut. Applic. 8: 240–247.
[16] Phillips, I., Casewell, G., Cox, T., De Groot, B., Friis, C., Jones, R., Nightingale, C., Preston, R. and Waddell, J. 2004. Does the apply of antibiotics in food animals pose a risk to man health? A critical review of published information. J. Antimicrob. Chemo. 53: 28-52. http://jac.oxfordjournals.org/content/53/i/28.short
[17] Guardabassi, 50., Schwarz, S. and Lloyd, D.H. 2004. Pet animals every bit reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant leaner. J. Antimicrob. Chemo. 54:321-332.
[xviii] Britt, R.R. 2005. The Odds of Dying. livescience.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Fifty-fifty though the proportion of GHG emissions from beef cattle is small, Alberta Beefiness Producers go on to explore reduction options through research and innovative management practices.
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Is it true that livestock create more GHG emissions than global transportation?
False — a Food And Agriculture System (FAO) written report attributes 14.5% of global emissions to livestock.
How does pastureland reduce greenhouse gases from the environs?
Pasturelands remove greenhouse gases from the air and stores them in the soil. Removing cattle from these lands would put the land at risk for conversion to other land uses that could release more GHGs.
Why do cattle produce methane gas?
Cattle are able to assimilate grass and grains that other animals (including people) cannot. Microorganisms in the cattle's tummy produce marsh gas equally a by-product.
Beauchemin, Thou. and McGinn S. Reducing methane in dairy and beef operations: What is feasible? Prairie Soils and Crops. 1:3.
Additional Resource
Learn more than about greenhouse gas emission in beefiness production
Environmental Footprint of Beefiness Product:
Canadian Roundtable for Sustainable Beef National Beef Sustainability Assessment and Strategy:
Meat Myth Crushers:
Livestock accept a greater negative environmental impact than cars:
Going meatless one day a week can accept a meaning environmental affect:
References:
[1] Government of Canada. 2016. National Inventory Report, 1990-2014 Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada: The Canadian Government's Submission to the United nations Framework Convention on Climatic change.
[2] The Daily Telegraph. March 24, 2010. Un admits flaw in report on meat and climatic change.
[5] Perry and Cecava. 1995. Beef Cattle Feeding and Nutrition. 2nd Ed. Elsevier.
[6] Canadian Roundtable for Sustainable Beefiness (CRSB). (2016). National Beefiness Sustainability Assessment and Strategy Summary Report.
[7] VandenBygaart, A.J. 2003. Influence of agricultural management on soil carbon: A compendium and assessment of Canadian studies. Can. J. Soil. Sci. 83:363-380.
[8] Scurlock, J.M.O. and Hall, D.O. 1998. The global carbon sink: a grassland perspective. Global Change Biology. four: 229-233
[nine] Statistics Canada. Human Activity and the Environment: Annual Statistics 2009. Table 1.2. Global availability of agricultural and abundant country, 2005.
[10] Borer et al. 2014. Herbivores and nutrients control grassland plant variety via light limitation. Nature. 508:517-520.
[xi] Beauchemin, One thousand. and McGinn S. Reducing methane in dairy and beef operations: What is feasible? Prairie Soils and Crops. one:iii.
[12] Legesse, M. et al. 2016. Greenhouse gas emissions of Canadian beef product in 1981 as compared with 2011. Anim. Prod. Sci. 56: 153-168.
[thirteen] Tom et al. 2015. Energy use, bluish water footprint, and greenhouse gas emissions for current food consumption patterns and dietary recommendations in the United states. Environ. Syst. Decis. 36:92-103
[14] Food and Agriculture Arrangement of the United nations. 2011. Global food losses and food waste – Extent, causes and prevention.
Diet
Beefiness is a price-effective and nutrient-dense food. As office of a healthy, counterbalanced nutrition, beefiness is an excellent source of poly peptide, iron, B12 and zinc.
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How does a serving of cooked beefiness contribute to a healthy, balanced diet?
A 75g serving of cooked beef provides 26g of protein, 25mg of iron, i.8µg of vitamin B12, and 6.5mg of zinc.
Wellness Canada. Canadian Food File, version 2015
Does eating beef crusade heart illness?
Red meat does not significantly increment cardiovascular run a risk when consumed in recommended amounts.7 About half of the fat establish in beefiness is the aforementioned type of monounsaturated fat found in olive oil.i A European report institute no association between unprocessed ruby-red meat and any cause of death, including eye disease or cancer.
Bronzato et al. 2017. A contemporary review of the relationship between red meat consumption and cardiovascular chance. Int. J. Prev. Med. 8:40
Health Canada. Canadian Nutrient File, version 2015
How does beefiness compare to other sources of protein?
A 75g serving of cooked beefiness contains 26mg of poly peptide and 184 calories. To get the same corporeality of protein from other sources, you would need to eat 1¾ servings of tofu (260 calories), two 1/3 servings of black beans (391 calories), or 3 two/5 servings of almonds (715 calories). 1
Wellness Canada. Canadian Nutrient File, version 2015
Additional Resources
Thinkbeef.ca
Meat intake:
Nutrition brief:
Cancer:
Plant vs. animal protein:
Fat:
Meat MythCrushers:
Cancer:
Heart affliction:
Processed meats:
Sources of atomic number 26:
Grass vs. grain-fed in terms of healthfulness of beef
Obesity:
References:
[ane] Wellness Canada. Canadian Nutrient File, version 2015
Codes Used: Cooked Beefiness 6172, Blackness Beans 3377, Tofu 4909, Almonds 2534, Spinach 2213*, Pork Loin 1783, Craven Chest 842, Salmon Fillet 3053, Eggs 130, Ground Beef 5009, Ground Pork 6120, Footing Chicken 919, Height Sirloin Steak 6144
[2] Health Canada. 2012. Do Canadian adults meet their nutrient requirements through intake alone?
[3] Wellness Canada. Dietary Reference Intakes Tables 2010.
[4] International Agency for Research on Cancer. 2015. Q&A on the carcinogenicity of the consumption of red meat and processed meat.
[5] IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans.
[6] Rohrmann et al. 2013. Meat consumption and mortality – results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. BMC Medicine. 11:63.
[7] Bronzato et al. 2017. A contemporary review of the relationship between cherry-red meat consumption and cardiovascular chance. Int. J. Prev. Med. 8:40
[eight] Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 2016. Protein disappearance and demand past species.
[9] White and Hall. 2017. Nutritional and greenhouse gas impacts of removing animals from The states agronomics. PNAS 114:48.
[10] All retail prices sourced from Save-On Foods Calgary, AB on February 13, 2018.
[11] Canadian Nutrient Inspection Agency – Footing Meat Standards
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Source: https://www.albertabeef.org/consumers/faqs